The Taliban seeks to join BRICS to re-enter the global economy and shift away from Western economic influence.
Afghanistan’s inclusion in BRICS could promote economic development but is challenged by human rights concerns.
BRICS members may engage with Afghanistan to support stability in a more multipolar global order.
Introduction
The Taliban expressed their desire to join BRICS before the summit in Kazan, Russia, highlighting Afghanistan’s hopes of re-entering the global economy. This request represents not only Afghanistan’s need for economic diplomacy but also reflects the shifting world order, or disorder, towards a new multipolar system and realignments, including the de-dollarization of trade. While BRICS may outweigh the potential benefits of the Taliban’s request to join, it reflects Afghanistan’s strategic aspirations.
The Request
On September 23, 2024, the Taliban formally requested to attend the BRICS meeting from October 22 to October 24 in Russia. Hamdullah Fitrat, the deputy spokesperson of the Taliban’s acting government, stated, “BRICS is an economic platform,” and Afghanistan, as a developing country, must actively participate. This signals a serious attempt at dialogue, with the Taliban’s delegation led by Abdul Ghani Baradar, showing they are ready to engage with major economies like China, Russia, and India — nations that, despite Afghanistan’s governance, are willing to do business with Kabul.
The Geopolitical Landscape
BRICS has recently expanded to include Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, as these nations seek to distance themselves from Western imperialism and reduce reliance on the US dollar in foreign commerce. BRICS is developing as a platform for economic cooperation among emerging economies, and Afghanistan’s participation could strengthen its position and outlook.
However, the Taliban faces significant challenges. Despite establishing relatively friendly relations with some BRICS members, Afghanistan remains internationally unrecognized due to its stance on women’s rights and human rights violations. The United Nations has linked potential recognition of the Taliban to improvements in these areas. The world is closely watching BRICS’ response to Afghanistan’s request for membership, as Kabul’s acceptance could be seen as approval of its governance.
The Case for Inclusion
Proponents of Afghanistan’s inclusion in BRICS argue that interaction is preferable to confrontation. Membership could lead to much-needed investment and development in a nation long plagued by war. Additionally, it could promote stability by fostering economic interdependence between member states.
From India’s perspective, BRICS offers an opportunity to engage with Afghanistan. India has historically maintained influence in Afghanistan and may see this as a means to counter Pakistan while promoting regional economic development.
De-Dollarization and Global Changes
The current trend of de-dollarization within BRICS economies signifies a major shift in the global economy. Many countries are seeking alternatives to the U.S. dollar for foreign exchange reserves and trade, often due to political tensions or sanctions. By joining BRICS, Afghanistan could gain access to new markets and financial systems not tied to Western currency.
This aligns with broader efforts within BRICS to establish a post-Western world order. Countries like Russia and China are already pushing for greater use of their currencies in international trade. Should Afghanistan join BRICS, this could provide it with advantages in bypassing the Western-dominated financial system.
Conclusion
The Taliban’s pursuit of BRICS membership represents both an opportunity and a challenge. While it could pave the way for Afghanistan’s reintegration into the global trading system, this will depend on addressing its human rights issues, which tarnish its international reputation. As BRICS evolves into a global force counterbalancing Western powers, its decision on Afghanistan will have significant consequences, not just for Kabul, but also for future geostrategic alignments in a rapidly changing world. Despite the complexities, engagement with Afghanistan might still benefit BRICS members, contributing to greater stability in an increasingly multipolar global order.
References:
- Taliban formally seek invitation to Russia’s BRICS summit – https://www.voanews.com/a/taliban-formally-seek-invitation-to-russia-s-brics-summit/7798954.html
- Taliban Seeks Invitation to BRICS Summit in Russia Amid Diplomatic Isolation – https://kabulnow.com/2024/09/taliban-seeks-invitation-to-brics-summit-in-russia-amid-diplomatic-isolation/
- Afghanistan wants to join BRICS, says Taliban govt – https://www.arabnews.com/node/2572740/world
- Afghanistan’s Taliban government expresses interest in BRICS membership – https://www.thehindubusinessline.com
Parag is pursuing his master’s at the Jindal School of International Affairs. Views expressed are the author’s own.
Balaji Subramanian 
Dhruv Ashok 
Shobhil Shrivastava